List of Renowned Muslim Scientists

by Meam Wye on July 31, 2009

A century-wise list of renowned Muslim scientists during Medieval Islamic Civilization Latinized names, where applicable, are given in brackets. A very impressive and fascinating fact is that during the Islamic Golden era, a large number of Polymaths (a person whose expertise fills a significant number of subject areas) emerged. For example, Ibn Sina (latinized as Avicenna) made major contributions in medicine, Astronomy, Chemistry,Geology,physics, Philosophy,Theology, Engineering and Poetry!

Hence, keeping this in view, I did not prepare this list subject-wise, like found on wikipedia and other sources, as this would have resulted in duplicate entries. Please contact me/write comment if you find any duplicate entries in this list.

According to the famous Historian of Science, George Sarton (regarded as 'Father of History of Science') in his well-recognized book the 'Introduction to the History of Science':

"It will suffice here to evoke a few glorious names without contemporary
equivalents in the West: Jabir ibn Haiyan, al-Kindi, al-Khwarizmi, al-Fargani, al-Razi, Thabit ibn Qurra, al-Battani, Hunain ibn Ishaq, al-Farabi, Ibrahim ibn Sinan, al-Masudi, al-Tabari, Abul Wafa, 'Ali ibn Abbas, Abul Qasim, Ibn al-Jazzar, al-Biruni, Ibn Sina, Ibn Yunus, al-Kashi, Ibn al-Haitham, 'Ali Ibn 'Isa al-Ghazali, al-zarqab, Omar Khayyam. A magnificent array of names which it would not be difficult to extend. If anyone tells you that the Middle Ages were scientifically sterile, just quote these men to him, all of whom flourished within a short period, 750 to 1100 A.D."

List of Muslim Scientists

7th century

Jabir Ibn Haiyan (Geber)
Ahmad Nahavandi

8th century

Al-Asmai
Al-Khwarizmi (Algorizm)
Amr ibn Bahr Al-Jahiz
Al Balkhi, Ja'Far Ibn Muhammas (Albumasar)
Al-Fazari,Ibrahim Ibn Habeeb
Al-Ḥajjāj ibn Yūsuf ibn Maṭar
Ibrahim al-Fazari
Muhammad al-Fazari
Yaqūb ibn Tāriq

9th century

Ibn Ishaq Al-Kindi (Alkindus)
Thabit Ibn Qurrah (Thebit)
Abbas Ibn Firnas
Ali Ibn Rabban Al-Tabari
al-Hasan al-Hamdānī
Al-Battani (Albategnius)
Al -Farghani (Al-Fraganus)
Al-Razi (Rhazes)
Al-Farabi (Al-Pharabius)
Abul Hasan Ali Al-Masu'di
Al-ʿAbbās ibn Saʿid al-Jawharī
Abd al-Hamīd ibn Turk
Hunayn ibn Ishaq
Banū Mūsā Brothers:

1. Ja'far Muhammad ibn Mūsā ibn Shākir
   
2. Ahmad ibn Mūsā ibn Shākir
   
3. Al-Hasan ibn Mūsā ibn Shākir
   

Abū Ḥanīfa Dīnawarī
Al-Mahani
Ahmed ibn Yusuf al-misri
Al-Hashimi
Abu Kamil
Sinan ibn Tabit
Al-Nayrizi
Ja'far ibn Muhammad Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi
Ahmed ibn Sahl al-Balkhi
Abu Sa'id al-Darir al-Jurjani(Gorgani)
Ibn al-Jazzar (Algizar)
Ibn Khordadbeh
Ibn Wadih al-Ya'qubi
Ibn Saeed Ibn Aswad
Ibn al-Faqih
Al-Ḥajjāj ibn Yūsuf ibn Maṭar
Qusta ibn Luqa

10th century

Al-Sufi (Azophi)
Al-Saghani
Abu Al-Qasim Al-Zahravi (Albucasis)
Abu Rayhan Biruni
Abū Ja'far al-Khāzin
Al-Uqlidisi
Al-Saghani
Abū Sahl al-Qūhī
Abu Nasr ibn `Iraq
Abu-Mahmud al-Khujandi
Al-Karaji
Abū al-Wafā' Būzjānī
Al-Karabisi
Al-Sijzi
Al-Jayyani
Abu Nasr Mansur
Abolfadl Harawi
Al-Muqaddasi
Ali ibn Abbas al-Majusi(Haly Abbas)
Ibn Al-Haitham (Alhazen)
Ibn Tahir al-Baghdadi
Ibrahim ibn Sinan
Ikhwan al-Safa'
Ibn Miskawayh
Al-Mawardi (Alboacen)
Abu Raihan Al-Biruni
Abul Hasan al-Tabari
Ibn Sina (Avicenna) 
Ibn Sahl
Ibn Yunus
Kushyar ibn Labban
Labana of Cordoba
Najab ud-din Muhammad

11th century

Al-Zarqali (Arzachel)
Al-Mu'taman ibn Hud
Omar Al-Khayyam
Hibat Allah Abu'l-Barakat al-Baghdaadi
Abu Bakr Muhammad Ibn Yahya (Ibn Bajjah)
Ibn Zuhr (Avenzoar)
Ibn al-Zarqalluh
Ibn Jazla
Al-Idrisi (Dreses)
ʿAlī ibn Aḥmad al-Nasawī
Ali ibn Ridwan Al-Misri
Maslamah Ibn Ahmad al-Majriti
Yusuf al-Mu'taman ibn Hud

12th century

Abu Bakr Muhammad Ibn Yahya (Ibn Bajjah)
al-Maghribī al-Samaw'al
Al-Hassār
Al-Bitruji (Alpetragius)
Al-Khazini
al-Baghdadi
Anvari
Ibn Tufayl (Abdubacer)
Ibn Rushd (Averroes)
Ibn Jumay
Muhammad al-Idrisi
Ibn Al-Baitar
Ibn al-Yāsamīn
Ibn Bajjah(Avempace)
Nur Ed-Din Al Betrugi (Alpetragius)
Sharaf al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī
Jalal Al-Din Rumi

13th century

Al-Marrakushi
Al-Fida (Abdulfeda)
Ibn Al-Nafis Damishqui
Ibn Mun`im
Ibn Baso
Ibn al-Quff
Muḥyi al-Dīn al-Maghribī
Mo'ayyeduddin Urdi
Nasir Al-Din Al-Tusi
Shams al-Dīn al-Samarqandī
Qotb al-Din Shirazi

14th century

Muhammad Ibn Abdullah (Ibn Battuta)
Abdur-Rahman Ibn Khaldun
Ibn al-Banna'
Ibn al-Shatir
Ibn Khatima
Lisan al-Din ibn al-Khatib
Kamal al-Din Al-Farisi
Mansur ibn Ilyas
Al-Khalili
Cheng Muhammad Zheng He
Qāḍī Zāda al-Rūmī
Ulugh Beg

15th century

Jamshīd al-Kāshī
Abū al-Hasan ibn Alī al-Qalasādī
Piri Reis

16th century

Taqi al-Din

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Following are some of the links for their autobiographies:
http://www.islamic-truth.co.uk/islamicstore/pdf_files/scientists.pdf
http://www.muslimheritage.com/topics
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Muslim_scientists

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